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Nui (atoll)

Coordinates: 07°13′29″S 177°09′37″E / 7.22472°S 177.16028°E / -7.22472; 177.16028
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the small Pacific island nation sometimes pronounced "Nui", see Niue.

Nui
Atoll
Aerial view of Nui
Aerial view of Nui
Map of the atoll
Map of the atoll
Nui is located in Tuvalu
Nui
Nui
Location in Tuvalu
Coordinates: 07°13′29″S 177°09′37″E / 7.22472°S 177.16028°E / -7.22472; 177.16028
CountryTuvalu
Area
 • Total
3.37 km2 (1.30 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total
610
 • Density180/km2 (470/sq mi)
DemonymNuian
ISO 3166 codeTV-NUI

Nui is an atoll and one of nine districts of the Pacific Ocean state of Tuvalu.[1][2] It has a land area of 3.37 km2 and a population of 610 (2017 Census).[3]

Traditionally Nuian culture is organised in three family circles – Tekaubaonga, Tekaunimala and Tekaunibiti families.[4] Most people live on the western end of Fenua Tapu. In the 2012 census, 321 people live in Alamoni – Maiaki and 221 people live in Manutalake – Meang (Tanrake).[3] The junior school is Vaipuna Primary School.

Geography

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Nui consists of at least 21 islets. These are:

The biggest, most southern and most eastern island is Fenua Tapu (area 1.38 km2), which is followed by Telikiai (which is the most western islet), Tokinivae, Pongalei, Talalolae, Pakantou, Unimai, Piliaieve and Motupuakaka.

Languages

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The people of Nui speak the Gilbertese language, the language of Kiribati, and Tuvaluan, the official language of Tuvalu.[5] The ancestors of Nui came from both Samoa and the Gilbert Islands in what is now Kiribati.

Early history

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The island was first sighted by Europeans on 16 January 1568 by Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña, who named it Isla de Jesús (Spanish for "Island of Jesus") because it was discovered on the day following the feast of the Holy Name. There are no less than six accounts of this event, that of Mendaña himself being as follows:

"A little after nine o'clock in the morning, a lad called Trejo, being aloft, first sighted land upon the starboard side to the southwest...When we drew near, we found it so small that it was no more than six leagues in circumference. This island was very full of trees like palms; towards the north it had a reef, which entered the sea a quarter of a league, and towards the south was another smaller reef. On the west side it had a strand lying lengthways, with reefs in different parts. This is on the west side, for we could not go round the east side because of the weather. Taking this island from the sea outwards, it has the shape of two galleys, with a copse in the middle which appears like a fleet of ships"

Mendaña found the island inhabited and five canoes came nearly within bow shot of his ship, when their occupants raised their paddles and turned back with shouts. Mendaña thereupon ordered signals to be made to them with a white cloth to try to get them to return, instead of which they landed and in turn stuck up signals along the shore. At night one of the ships showed a light, it was copied by a fire, and when it was put out the fire extinguished also. Hernán Gallego, Mendaña's pilot, says the natives were "naked and mulattoes" and Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, cosmographer in the expedition reported that the island "had a large fishery". As it was late Mendaña decided to defer landing until the morning and kept the ships tacking all night. With the dawn, however, a strong westerly storm blew up, and although they tried all day to regain the island they were at length compelled to give up.[6][7][8][9]

  • Dutch map of the island, made in June 1825
    Dutch map of the island, made in June 1825
  • View of the main island
    View of the main island
  • View of the atoll
    View of the atoll

A Dutch expedition (the frigate Maria Reijgersbergen[10]) found Nui on the morning of 14 June 1825 and named the main island (Fenua Tapu) as Nederlandsch Eiland (Dutch Island).[11] The atoll has been called Egg or Netherland Island.[12]

Martin Kleis (1850-1908) with Kotalo Kleis and their son Hans Martin Kleis.

The population of Nui from 1860 to 1900 is estimated to be between 250[13] and 300 people.[14]

Kirisome, was Nui's first and long serving pastor (1865–99).[15]

Robert Waters was an early trader on Nui in the 1850s-1860s.[16] Martin Kleis was the resident trader on Nui in the late 19th century who sold copra to Henderson and Macfarlane.[4][16][17]

The photographer Thomas Andrew visited Nui in about 1885–86.[18][19]

Nui Post Office opened around 1919[20] and a climate station was established in 1941.[21]

The traditional outrigger canoes (paopao) from Nui were constructed with an indirect type of outrigger attachment and the hull is double-ended, with no distinct bow and stern. These canoes were designed to be sailed over the Nui lagoon.[22] The booms of the outrigger are longer than those found in other designs of canoes from the other islands.[23] This made the Nui canoe more stable when used with a sail than the other designs.[22]

Celebrations are held on Nui on 16 February – Bogin te Ieka (Day of the Flood) – to commemorate the Tsunami that struck the island on that day in 1882.[4][24]

Cyclone Pam, March 2015

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Nui was affected by storm surges caused by Cyclone Pam in early March 2015, which caused damage to houses, crops and infrastructure.[25] On 22 March 71 families (40 per cent of the population) of Nui remained displaced and were living in 3 evacuation centres or with other families.[26] The Situation Report published on 30 March reported that Nui suffered the most damage of the three central islands (Nui, Nukufetau and Vaitupu); with Nui suffering the loss of 90% of the crops.[27] Health assessment teams visited Nui and the other islands affected by Cyclone Pam.[28]

General election, 2024

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Mackenzie Kiritome was re-elected and Sir Iakoba Taeia Italeli was elected to represent Nui in the parliament in the 2024 general election.[29][30] Dr. Puakena Boreham was not re-elected.[29]

Nui constituency results
Party Candidate Votes %
Nonpartisan Mackenzie Kiritome 352 36.90
Nonpartisan Sir Iakoba Italeli 311 32.60
Nonpartisan Dr. Puakena Boreham 291 30.50

Notable local people

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Sir Iakoba Italeli (GCMC) was the Governor-General of Tuvalu from 16 April 2010 until 22 August 2019. He represented Nui in the Parliament from 2006 until he was appointed the Governor-General. He was the Minister of Education, Sports and Health in the Ielemia Ministry. He was again elected a MP in the 2024 general election and was appointed the Speaker of the Parliament.

Alesana Kleis Seluka (MBE, CBE) is medical doctor by profession and Chairman of the Public Service Commission of Tuvalu.[31][32] He has represented Nui in the parliament. He served as the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning from 1996 until 1999, and Minister of Health from 2001 to 2006.

Pelenike Isaia became the second woman ever to have sat in the Parliament of Tuvalu, she became an MP in the 2011 by-election following the death of her husband Isaia Taeia Italeli.[33] She represented Nui until the 2015 Tuvaluan general election.[34]

Mamao Keneseli is a community development leader on Nui, where she became involved with running a women's handicraft centre in 1990, teaching women how to develop their skills and earn a living. From 2010 to 2017 she was the director of the Matapulapula Women's Group.[35]

References

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  1. ^ "Maps of Tuvalu". Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  2. ^ British Admiralty Nautical Chart 766 Ellice Islands (1893 ed.). United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO). 21 March 1872.
  3. ^ a b "Population of communities in Tuvalu". Thomas Brinkhoff. 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  4. ^ a b c Pape, Sotaga (1983). "Chapter 10 – Nui". In Laracy, Hugh (ed.). Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. pp. 74–76.
  5. ^ "Tuvaluan (Te 'gana Tūvalu)". Omniglot. Retrieved 6 November 2012.
  6. ^ Maude, H.E. Spanish discoveries in the Central Pacific. A study in identification Journal of the Polynesian Society, Wellington, LXVIII, (1959), p.299,303.
  7. ^ Maude, Islands and Men: Studies in Pacific History, Melbourne: Oxford University Press (1986)
  8. ^ Keith S. Chambers & Doug Munro, The Mystery of Gran Cocal: European Discovery and Mis-Discovery in Tuvalu, 89(2) (1980) p.170 The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 167–198
  9. ^ Laumua Kofe, Palagi and Pastors, Tuvalu: A History, Ch. 15, (U.S.P./Tuvalu)
  10. ^ "Dutch warships available but not in active service in August 1834". 3 December 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
  11. ^ "Pieter Troost: Aanteekeningen gehouden op eene reis om de wereld: met het fregat de Maria Reigersberg en de ...". 1829. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
  12. ^ Hedley, Charles (1896). "General account of the Atoll of Funafuti" (PDF). Australian Museum Memoir. 3 (2): 1–72 at 6. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1967.3.1896.487.
  13. ^ W.F. Newton, The Early Population of the Ellice Islands, 76(2) (1967) The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 197–204.
  14. ^ Richard Bedford, Barrie Macdonald & Doug Monro, Population Estimates for Kiribati and Tuvalu (1980) 89(1) Journal of the Polynesian Society 199
  15. ^ Munro, Doug (1978). Kirisome and Tema: Samoan Pastors in the Ellice Islands. Canberra: Deryck Scarr (ed.), More Pacific Islands Portraits.
  16. ^ a b Doug Munro, The Lives and Times of Resident Traders in Tuvalu: An Exercise in History from Below, (1987) 10(2) Pacific Studies 73
  17. ^ Mahaffy, Arthur (1910). "(CO 225/86/26804)". Report by Mr. Arthur Mahaffy on a visit to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. Great Britain, Colonial Office, High Commission for Western Pacific Islands (London: His Majesty's Stationery Office).
  18. ^ Andrew, Thomas (1886). "Mission House Nui. From the album: Views in the Pacific Islands". Collection of Museum of New Zealand (Te Papa). Retrieved 10 April 2014.
  19. ^ Andrew, Thomas (1886). "Bread fruit tree Nui. From the album: Views in the Pacific Islands". Collection of Museum of New Zealand (Te Papa). Retrieved 10 April 2014.
  20. ^ Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". Premier Postal Auctions. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  21. ^ "Nui (Tuvalu)". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  22. ^ a b McQuarrie, Peter (1976). "Nui Island sailing canoes". Journal of the Polynesian Society. 85 (4): 543–548.
  23. ^ Kennedy, Donald (1931). The Ellice Islands Canoe Journal of the Polynesian Society Memoir no. 9. Journal of the Polynesian Society. pp. 71–100.
  24. ^ "Nowhere to run. Tuvaluans consider their future after Tropical Cyclone Pam". Report from International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies. 17 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  25. ^ "Forgotten paradise under water". United Nations Development Programme. 1 May 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  26. ^ "Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 1 (as of 22 March 2015)". Relief Web. 22 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  27. ^ "Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 2 (as of 30 March 2015)". Relief Web. 30 March 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  28. ^ "Tuvalu situation update: Securing health from disastrous impacts of cyclone Pam in Tuvalu". Relief Web/World Health Organization – Western Pacific Region. 3 April 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  29. ^ a b "Tuvalu general election: Six newcomers in parliament". Radio New Zealand. 29 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  30. ^ Marinaccio, Jess (30 January 2024). "Tuvalu's 2024 general election: a new political landscape". PolicyDevBlog. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  31. ^ Iosefa, Afasene (14 May 2018). "Leave no women behind, be bold for change". KMT News. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  32. ^ "Eights Supplement" (PDF). The London Gazette. 12 June 1998. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  33. ^ "State Funeral for the Minister of Natural Resources, Hon Isaia Taeia Italeli" (PDF). Tuvalu Philatelic Bureau Newsletter (TPB: 01/2011). 25 July 2011. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
  34. ^ "Palamene o Tuvalu (Parliament of Tuvalu)". Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2010. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  35. ^ "Mamao Keneseli". Pacific Community. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
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